The lungs comprise of the trachea, bronchus, bronchioles and alveoli. There is approximately 350 million alveoli and 30,000 bronchioles in each lung. Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that allow gas to move and be exchanged between the lungs and bloodstream. When we breath, we take air into the trachea all the way into the alveoli where oxygen is exchanged with carbon dioxide.
The lungs is the first organ that "connects" the inner organs of our body to the outside world, as when we breath, the air from outside enters our body system through the lungs. The air contains virus and pathogens. Thus when your lungs is weak, you get infected and fall sick easily.
What Affect Lungs Health
The health of our lungs is affected by:
(a) Environmental pollution e.g. while cleaning the house
(b) Virus / bacterial infections
(c) Smoke
(d) Radiation therapy.
Our lungs will be inflamed and damaged from prolonged exposure to these elements. When this happens, the lungs will start to lose its function. Premature babies tend to have weaker lungs, because lungs is the last organ to be developed in the womb.
Common diseases of the lungs relate to auto-immune system disorders (AISD). Asthma is one of the most common disease in this category. When foreign substances enter the body, they cause the trachea and bronchi to become inflamed, the air passage becomes narrow and one will have difficulty breathing. Doctors treat by prescribing inhalers containing steroid, which work by suppressing the actions of T-cells. This eases the attacks, trachea passage opens and the symptoms of asthma disappear.
New data reveals that we breathe air containing high levels of pollutants like black carbon which penetrate deep into the lungs and cardiovascular system. WHO estimates that around 7 million people die every year from exposure to fine particles in polluted air that lead to diseases such as stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and respiratory infections, including pneumonia.
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